Philosophy of the Mind Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Reasoning of the Mind - Essay Example For instance there is a motivation behind why I go to class and this is a direct result of a profession later on. The way that a college alum would have a superior chance to have a profession is the target reason that is a generally accepted fact in its most fitting sense. The emotional is the more specialist relative explanation wherein the motivation behind why I need to complete school is to have a more significant compensation later on profession I would like to have the option to get hold, or, it could just be for reason of things to come vocation. This is relative and might be distinctive as per every individual except the more general condition of an advanced education as comparable to a vocation is the more all inclusive target reason. For the situation I will complete school and accomplish a profession is just coincidental to the target. Had some other individual completed school, the rule would even now apply. Nagel recommends that individuals perform activities as per what impacts they would bring. The correct conditions propel individuals to be moved by such reasons. This features the result as a definitive explanation in the presentation of activities.

Terrorism - Where is the Glory of War? :: Argumentative Persuasive Topics

Where is the Glory of War? Â I can't discover the greatness in the war against psychological warfare. I recollect when I got the paper a year ago and saw America Strikes Back! bursted proudly across it in letters 10 inches tall- - my heart sank. We've addressed one psychological militant act with another, coming down death on the most war-scarred, panicked people that at any point crawled to an entryway and watched out. The little plastic boxes of food we additionally dropped are a crime. It is accounted for that these are immaculate, obviously - Afghanis have spent their lives learning fear of anything heaved at them from the sky. In the mean time, the real food help on which such a significant number of depended for endurance has been ended by the war. We've murdered whoever was excessively poor or injured to escape, in addition to four compassionate guide laborers who facilitated the expulsion of land mines from the ambushed Afghan soil. That office is presently rubble, as is my heart. Â I will need to continue arguing against this frenzy. I'll get admonished for it, I know. I've just been called each name in the Rush Limbaugh handbook: swindler, delinquent, guileless, liberal, peacenik, complainer. I'm told I am hazardous in light of the fact that I may hinder this sacred venture we've embraced to continue dropping substantial items from the sky until we've cleared out each and every individual who might abhor us. A few people are appealing to God for my undying soul, and some have offered to get me a single direction ticket out of the nation, to anyplace. I acknowledge these endowments with an appreciation equivalent in measure to the soul of liberality in which they were advertised. Individuals compromise ambiguously, She wouldn't feel along these lines if her kid had passed on in the war! (I feel thusly decisively on the grounds that I can envision that repulsiveness.) More unpretentious enemies basically state I am r I battle that, I battle it as though I'm suff ocating. At the point when I get to feeling I am a multitude of one standing apart on the plain waving my ludicrous little banner of expectation, I call up a companion or two. We remind ourselves in plain English that the last time we got the chance to choose someone, most of us, by a straight well known vote tally, didn't request the person who is presently revealing to us we will win this war and not be misunderestimated. We aren't standing separated from the group, we are the group.

Proven SEO Benefits Small Businesses Can Actually Reap

Proven SEO Benefits Small Businesses Can Actually Reap Make Money Online Queries? Struggling To Get Traffic To Your Blog? Sign Up On (HBB) Forum Now!Proven SEO Benefits Small Businesses Can Actually ReapUpdated On 18/11/2017Author : Pradeep KumarTopic : SEOShort URL : https://hbb.me/2j5p0Wm CONNECT WITH HBB ON SOCIAL MEDIA Follow @HellBoundBlogIn today’s digital age, one of the most cost-effective ways for small business to attract growth and prospects is search engine optimization (SEO). You probably might have heard about it and wondered why it’s so powerful, right?Well, this copy is going to show you some of the proven benefits that many businesses have realized through implementing SEO strategies. Read on to learn more.1. Supplements Other Forms of MarketingWhen it comes to pulling in prospects, SEO can really get the job done. But the marketing truth is that it can’t allow you to hit your optimal potential alone. For maximum results, it works effectively in a marketing mix, meaning you need to use SEO alongside other marketi ngs methods.As a marketer, your task is to develop a marketing mix where SEO fits seamlessly and effectively. This way, you can leverage tried and tested strategies that can yield the results you want. SEO allows you to target specific keywords and allow your potential customers to find you.All you need to do is invest in identifying the right keywords that your audience is using to find products and services online. With those keywords, you can proceed to optimize your pages, landing pages, PPC ads, website, and content.2. It’s Cost EffectiveAs long as you have a business website, launching your SEO campaigns do not need to burden your budget. Even though the pricing is variable, and this is due to the competitiveness of certain keywords. If your business is in a competitive niche, then you can expect to spend more than other businesses.But generally, the overall cost shouldn’t drain your budget. The good thing about SEO is that it’s not much of a gamble. You can actually tar get the specific people that are searching your products and services. This allows you to spend money on things that will bring in quantifiable results. So, you can actually drop those cold-calling strategies that consume thousands of dollars with minimal results.3. Measurable ROIAs noted before, SEO allows you to spend your money on things that generate results and leads. Whether you’re ecommerce or just a typical business, you can enjoy trackable results for your campaigns. Working with a company that specializes in SEO allows you to track all the essential aspects, such as traffic, rankings, and conversions.READSEO Clients: Which Do You Have?Typically, your return on investment will depend on the goal or the purpose of your campaigns. Tools, such as Google Analytics, allows you to compare your traffic or rankings before and after the campaigns. Plus, you can continue reviewing your results month after month to see your progress.When you launch your campaigns, pick the key metri cs you want to track depending on the specific action you want your prospects to complete. This can be to complete a contact us form, sign up for trial or make an online purchase.4. Boosts Traffic and Site VisibilityIncreasing site traffic is one the reasons why many companies launch SEO campaigns. To improve your traffic, you need to improve your SERP rankings. This is important especially when most of your pages are ranking on page two or three of SERPs. In this case, you’re actually leaving money on the table.With search engine optimization, you can start seeing constant traffic streaming in just a few months. For low competitive keywords, your rankings and traffic can grow in less than three months. SEO focuses on optimizing your titles, meta descriptions, images, and content to improve the chances of getting ranked higher on search for a particular targeted keyword.These are some of the actual benefits that small businesses can reap from leveraging SEO. Millions of customers and clients are using search engines to find products and services online. With the right SEO strategy, it becomes easier to pat into these numbers and attract the right leads. In most cases, you’ll need to work with an experienced and professional agency that understands your niche to ensure steady growth and consistent results.

World War II Allied Leaders at the Tehran Conference

The Tehran Conference was the first of two meetings of the Big Three Allied leaders—Premier Joseph Stalin of the Soviet Union, U.S. President Franklin Roosevelt, and Great Britains Prime Minister Winston Churchill—held at the request of the U.S. President at the height of World War II. Planning As World War II raged around the globe, Roosevelt  began calling for a meeting of the leaders from the key Allied powers. While  Churchill  was willing to meet, Stalin  played coy. Desperate to make a conference happen, Roosevelt conceded several points to Stalin, including choosing a location that was convenient to the Soviet leader. Agreeing to meet in Tehran, Iran on Nov. 28, 1943, the three leaders planned to discuss D-Day, the war strategy, and how best to defeat Japan. Preliminaries Wishing to present a unified front, Churchill first met Roosevelt in Cairo, Egypt, on Nov. 22. While there, the two leaders discussed war plans for the Far East  with Chiang Kai-shek, at the time the Chinese director of the State Council, the equivalent to President of his country. While in Cairo, Churchill found he was unable to engage Roosevelt regarding the upcoming meeting in Tehran, and the American president remained withdrawn and distant. Arriving in Tehran on Nov. 28, Roosevelt intended to deal with Stalin personally, though his declining health prevented him from operating from a position of strength. The Big Three Meet The first of only two wartime meetings between the three leaders, the Tehran Conference opened with Stalin brimming with confidence after several major victories on the Eastern Front. Opening the meeting, Roosevelt and Churchill sought to ensure Soviet cooperation in achieving the Allies war policies. Stalin was willing to comply: However, in exchange, he demanded Allied support for his government and the partisans in Yugoslavia, as well as border adjustments in Poland. Agreeing to Stalins demands, the meeting moved on to the planning of Operation Overlord (D-Day) and the opening of the second front in Western Europe. Though Churchill advocated for an expanded Allied push through the Mediterranean, Roosevelt, who was not interested in protecting British imperial interests, insisted that the invasion take place in France. With the location settled, it was decided that the attack would come in May 1944. As Stalin had been advocating for a second front since 1941, he was very pleased and felt that he had accomplished his principal goal for the meeting. Moving on, Stalin agreed to enter the war against Japan once Germany was defeated. As the conference began to wind down, Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin discussed the end of the war and reaffirmed their demand that only unconditional surrender would be accepted from the Axis Powers and that the defeated nations would be divided into occupation zones under U.S., British, and Soviet control. Other minor issues were dealt with before the conferences conclusion on Dec.  1,  1943, including the three agreeing to respect the government of Iran and to support Turkey if it was attacked by Axis troops. Aftermath Departing Tehran, the three leaders returned to their countries to enact the newly decided war policies. As would happen at Yalta in 1945, Stalin was able to use Roosevelts weak health and Britains declining power to dominate the conference and achieve all of his goals. Among the concessions he gained from Roosevelt and Churchill was a shifting of the Polish border to the Oder and Neisse Rivers and the Curzon line. He also gained de facto permission to oversee the establishment of new governments as countries in Eastern Europe were liberated. Many of the concessions made to Stalin at Tehran helped set the stage for the Cold War once World War II ended. Selected Sources The Tehran Conference, November 28-December 1, 1943. The Avalon Project: Documents in Law, History and Development. Lillian Goldman Law Library 2008. Web. May 30, 2018.​1943: Allies United after Tehran Conference. BBC: On This Day. BBC 2008. Web. May 30, 2018.The Tehran Conference, 1943. Milestones: 1937-1945. Office of the Historian, Bureau of Public Affairs, United States Department of State. Web. May 30, 2018.

Ir The Islamic Republic Of Iran - 1413 Words

First, I would like to give an overall background of the country Iran. Iran is officially known as the Islamic Republic of Iran, the name change was due to its revolution from 1978 to 1979 when the ruling monarchy was overthrown by Shitte Mulims. Iran was also known as Persia until 1935 until Nazi Germany influenced the Iranian government to change its name to Iran. Following the revolution, Iran adopted its current theocratic government and first Supreme Leader, Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini, who was chosen by a 86-member body of clerics know as the Assembly of Experts who are responsible for carefully selecting and monitoring the Supreme Leader. Ruhollah Khomeini was succeeded by current Supreme Leader, Ali Hosseini Khamenei. The relationship between the United States and Iran became tense when a group of Iranians held hostage U.S. personnel in Tehran’s U.S. Embassy, the country’s capital, for over a year between 1979 and 1981. Iran would fight Iraq between 1980 and 198 8 in what became known as the Iran-Iraq war. This war would expand out to the Persian Gulf where the U.S.’s and Iran’s military would battle each other in what turned into The Gulf War which took place from 1990 to 1991. Under U.S. eyes, Iran has become a supporter of terrorism due to its involvement with it and because of its current nuclear program. Iran recently replaced its president due to Ahmadi-Nejad’s winning streak for the presidential election. The current president is Dr. Hasan Fereidun Ruhani whoShow MoreRelatedIr The Islamic Republic Of Iran1776 Words   |  8 PagesIran has seen drastic changes since the year 1979 after the Iranian Revolution. Primarily due to the original infrastructure being overthrown by extremist Shia Muslim rebels. Iran was once a western-influenced country, but over the past 35 years, it has transitioned into a theocratic government and unfavorably viewed country as of recently. This assessment will outline a brief country background for better understanding and will be discussing current events, threats to and from Iran. It will alsoRead MoreCountry Of Iurasia1507 Words   |  7 PagesIran (Persian: Ø §Ã›Å'Ø ±Ã˜ §Ã™â€  IrÄ n [Ê”iË Ã‹Ë†Ã‰ ¾Ã‰â€™Ã‹ n] (About this sound listen)), also known as Persia[10] (/ˈpÉÅ"Ë rÊ’É™/),[11] officially the Islamic Republic of Iran (Persian: Ø ¬Ã™â€¦Ã™â€¡Ã™Ë†Ã˜ ±Ã›Å' Ø §Ã˜ ³Ã™â€žÃ˜ §Ã™â€¦Ã›Å' Ø §Ã›Å'Ø ±Ã˜ §Ã™â€  Jomhuri-ye EslÄ mi-ye IrÄ n (About this sound listen)),[12] is a sovereign state in Western Asia.[13][14] With about 81 million inhabitants,[6] Iran is the worlds 18th-most-populous country.[15] Comprising a land area of 1,648,195 km2 (636,372 sq mi), it is the second-largest country in the Middle East and the 17th-largestRead MoreTotalitarianism and Literary Reference Online.1405 Words   |  6 Pagescountry where it is illegal to watch movies, listen to music, or even play cards. To this day, there are still billions of people who live in these types of totalitarian countries. This movie focuses on one of these countries in particular, Iran, an Islamic-fascist state home to 75 million people, and the plight of a young woman named Marjane Satrapi who tries to escape this political oppression. In this movie, Marjane tries to reconcile her national identity with her desire to live in a free societyRead MoreMy Current Address : High Bridge Nj 08829 And The Voting District Essay936 Words   |  4 PagesHealth Care, Taxation and IRS Oversight. Foreign Relations Mr. Menendez Office in DC was contacted on 9/23/2015 to request a current bill that is a priority for the Senator. The gentleman that answered the phone stated that the Iran Deal is a top priority and he is against it. I am against the Iran deal for many reasons that I simply cannot cover in the page limits of this paper. The key reasons that I am against this deal is I do not trust Iran with the supreme leader of Iran with statements such â€Å"thereRead MoreThe Persian Puzzle, And The Labyrinth Of U.s. -iranian Relations3538 Words   |  15 Pagesobservers of contemporary international relations, Iran and its behavior in the international arena appear somewhat perplexing. Kenneth Pollack has described the â€Å"Persian Puzzle,† and the â€Å"labyrinth of U.S.-Iranian relations;† Stephen Walt has described Iran as a â€Å"riddle, wrapped in a mystery, inside an enigma;† and Ray Takeyh, a senior fellow for Middle Eastern studies at the Council on Foreign Re lations has testified that â€Å"the Islamic Republic of Iran remains one the most poorly understood regimesRead MoreBenefits Of Same Sex Marriage1687 Words   |  7 Pageslike living a lie. As mentioned â€Å"Gay men and lesbians have always adopted despite their sexual orientation may not always have been open† (Adoption and Same-Sex Couples, Find Law). To illustrate, on the negative side, I know in many countries like Iran the gay people never can have this chance to adopting a child. At the same time, the first world is changing the rules and makes a better situation for the gay community. Throughout the years, more and more gay men and lesbian women have risen fromRead MoreA Project Report on â€Å"Swot Analysis of Indian Foreign Exchange Markets6895 Words   |  28 PagesInternational Finance Page 6 Increase in Instruments in the Foreign Exchange Market †¢ The rupee-foreign currency swap market was allowed. †¢ Additional hedging instruments such as foreign currency-rupee options, cross-currency options, interest rate swaps (IRS) and currency swaps, caps/ collars and forward rate agreements (FRAs) were introduced. Liberalization Measures †¢ Authorized dealers were permitted to initiate trading positions, borrow and invest in overseas market, subject to certain specificationsRead MoreDubais Political and Economic Development: Essay38738 Words   |  155 Pagesof the requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Arts with Honors in Political Science WILLIAMS COLLEGE Williamstown, Massachusetts MAY 10,2005 Table of Contents I Persian Gulf Development Literature Oil Curse Literature Arab and Islamic Factors Regional Ovemiew and Historical Background Dubais Development History I1 PI1 Explaining Dubai9sDevelopment Outcome Why Not Other Gulf States? Dubai versus the Development Literature IV Dubai in a Cornparatbe Corntext SaudiRead MoreConflicts of Law Course Outline5044 Words   |  21 Pages b) Domicile: Re Liddell`s ST (1936) Ch. 365. (Ord 11, rule 4) c) Injunction: Rosler v Hilbery (1925) Ch. 250: The Siskina (1979) A.C. 210(CJ and J Act 1982 s.25 ). X v Y and Y Republic of Haiti v Duvalier (1990) Q.B. 202. d) Necessary or proper party: Chancy v Murphy (1948) W.N. 130 Witted v Galbraith (1949) A.C. 326; The Brabo (1949) A.C. 326 Multinational Gas v M.GRead MoreGp Essay Mainpoints24643 Words   |  99 Pageswithout having to suffer the ensuing backlash from the discord he has sowed †¢ Identity protected by veil of anonymity †¢ E.g. â€Å"Everyone Draw Muhammad Day† NO: Brought us beyond our self-absorbed perspectives †¢ Interconnected †¢ E.g. Iran elections †¢ Allowing the circumvention of restrictions placed on traditional media †¢ Allow a plethora of new and alternative perspectives to come through †¢ Opening our eyes to the larger world beyond what we experience in our everyday lives

Analysis Of The Sphinx And Of Mice And Men

The Sphinx’s Judgement As the Sphinx riddled to Oedipus in Sophocles’s epic ,Oedipus Rex , â€Å"A thing there is whose voice is one ; Whose Feet are four and two and three . So Mutable a thing is none. That moves in Earth or sky or sea. When on most feet this thing doth go, its strength is weakest and its pace slow† In response, Oedipus answered to the Sphinx , â€Å"Man, who crawls on fours as a baby, then walks with two feet as an adult and then uses a walking stick in old age† leading to the Sphinx destroying itself and Oedipus to later take the throne in the city the Sphinx was guarding. In many ways, the Sphinx is analogous to the American Dream where many people are devoured by it while a small quantity ever â€Å"solve the riddle† and achieve their American Dream. In the 1937 novelette, Of Mice and Men, John Steinbeck incorporates the American Dream in the setting of the Great Depression in Tyler’s Ranch , California . During the Great Depression, many workers w ent into an exodus from the South and Midwest to California in light of the Dust Bowl . George Milton and his colleague, Lennie Smalls, perpetually endeavor to find stable employment. At Tyler’s Ranch, George and Lennie assume the occupation as barley pickers. Over George and Lennie’s duration of time at Tyler’s Ranch, they meet Candy , a Swamper, who has lost his right hand during work one day collapsing his American Dream. Through John Steinbeck’s harsh reality, Steinbeck presents the characters the adult George Milton

Effectiveness of Adjuvanted Influenza Vaccination - Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Effectiveness of Adjuvanted Influenza Vaccination. Answer: Introduction: Influenza can be defined as one of the most highly reported infectious diseases of Australia and other developed as well as developing nations; for Australia, this year the nation has seen the highest activity level since the pandemic year of 2009. One of the greatest concerns for the recent flu outbreaks is the common antibiotic resistant strains that do not respond to common antibiotics and become very difficult to control once the disease spreads. Hence, the most effective prevention option that the health care industry has is the variety of different vaccines available. This assignment will discuss the burden of influenza, the causes and risk factors, and vaccine requirements for the most vulnerable age groups (over 65 years of age) along with a brief description of the disease, types of vaccines, type of vaccine suitable for the target vulnerable population (over 65), rationale for the choice of the type of vaccine, contraindication, herd immunity, management of negative respons e in patients and the critical review of the need for community nurses to have vaccinations in Influenza prevention. Influenza can be defined as one of the most contagious viral infections. This disease affects the upper respiratory apparatus. Influenza outbreak is a very common phenomenon and it still occurs every three to five years resulting in death of a least 5 to 10 % of the total population of Australia (Duncan, 2016). There are different types of influenza pathogen strains and each strain varies with respect to virulence. The mode of transmission in Influenza is by the droplet transfer between individuals. This pathogen is generally inhaled; it attacks the respiratory tract of the host and gives rise to the typical symptoms. These typical symptoms include fever, chilling tremors, fatigue and hacking coughs, and in certain cases even acute body pain (Duncan, 2016). Although, 20% of the Influenza risk is at the children, although for the age group of the older adults aged over 65 years also are at around 10 % of total risk for influenza (Domnich et al., 2017). Since the older adults (aged ove r 65) are considered a vulnerable population (a population which is extremely at risk to acquiring the disease), it is strongly recommended that they receive targeted flu vaccines. There are different types of influenza vaccines, of which the live attenuated influenza vaccine is administered intranasally and sold under the trade name of FluMist and Fluenz. On the other hand, inactivated vaccines are administered at the intramuscular junction. Subconjugate vaccines are also used for influenza, in the form of injections (Sridhar, Brokstad Cox, 2015). The vulnerable population under focus for this assignment will be on the older adults (over 65). Adults over the 65 years of age have compromised immune system and hence they have lesser immunity towards diseases like influenza, hence they are considered the vulnerable population. As per Demicheli et al. (2018), the risk of flu and flu related complications like the influenza is at least 2 to 3 times higher than the rest of the patient populations, in the older adults (over 65). In this age group, the influenza increases the risk for heart attacks by 3-5 times and stroke or TIA by 2-3 times, just within 2 weeks of infection. As a result, more targeted preventative measures designed with the particular needs of the older patient population in mind, such as Flu shots designed specifically targeting the compromised immunity of this population. The influenza vaccine for the older adults are generally high dose vaccines and contains at least 4 times more concentrated antigens than the ant igen concentration of the standard vaccine doses. It has to be mentioned that for the older adults, the adjuvanted flu vaccines can also be taken (DiazGranados et al., 2014). For the children aged 6-35 months, FluQuadri junior is recommended while the children older than 36 months receive Fluarix Tetra or Fluquadri (Health.nsw.gov.au., 2018). For the age group of 18 to 64 years of age, the standard flu vaccine that is recommended is Afluria Quad. However, for the age group of 65 and above, the most suitable flu vaccine recommended is the Fluzone high dose (or Fluad) vaccine, and it is usually given on an annual basis. It is given from September until mid November given the fact that the flu season runs from October to May in Australian demographics (Grohskopf et al., 2016). Fluzone high dose or Fluad are the booster vaccines that are formulated specifically for the older adults over the age of 65 years. These vaccines contain 4 times dose of influenza A(H1N1), A(H3N2) and B-Yamagata strains. Older adults require higher antibody strength in order to attain immunity against the Flu outbreaks than the other age groups (Grohskopf et al., 2014). This is because older adults that are 65 or above have been reported to produce 50-75 % lesser antibodies than the younger adults leading to ineffective protection. 60% of the seniors that had been vaccinated with Fluzone vaccine had represented higher resistance to the Flu outbreak. According to the research, there is 25% reduction in the incidence of the regular Flu in the older adults that received Fluzone high dose or Fluad booster dose annually when compared to standard vaccine (Duncan, 2016). Hence, based on the above stated evidence, Fluzone high dose or Fluad is the most effective flu vaccination for the olde r adults belonging to the age group of 65 and above (Health.nsw.gov.au., 2018). The annual booster dose requirements for Fluad are 0.5 mL pre-filled syringe containing 15 g haemagglutinin of each of the three recommended influenza virus strains, adjuvanted with MF59C.1 (including 9.75 mg squalene and 1.175 mg polysorbate 80). He annual booster dose for Fluzone are 0.5 mL pre-filled syringe including 60 g haemagglutinin of each of the three recommended influenza virus strains; 1 g ovalbumin; 100 g formaldehyde; 250 g octoxinol 9 (Immunise.health.gov.au., 2018). The side effects of the Flu vaccine are not many, however, for the high dose variant, the impact of the side effects are enhanced. For instance the side effects of the regular or the standard such as the fever and inflammation of the injection site is more persistent and aggravated in case of the high dosage version of the Fluzone. These side effects generally persist for a week or more for the Fluzone high dose shots in the adults over 65 (Haq McElhaney, 2014). The dosage and administration needs to be accurate in case of the older age groups for their reduced immune strength and enhanced vulnerability. Fluzone high dose should always be administered as a single intramuscular dose and it should be given in the deltoid muscles of the patient. And the most preferable concentration of the dosage is generally 0.5 mL/Intramuscular for one dose in the age group of 65 and above (Demicheli et al., 2018). However, the most important contraindication for Fluzoen high dose is the aggravating hypersensitive reaction to egg proteins. Patients with a history of recent Guillain-Barr syndrome, this Flu shot cannot be provided. Along with that for the patients that are being given immunosuppressive therapy cannot be given Fluzone high dose either (Lau et al., 2012). Herd immunity can be defined as the herd effect on the community immunity. It is the kind of indirect protection given against the different communicable outbreaks. It is facilitated when a large portion of the entire community has attained immunity to a particular infection and in turn provides a small and indirect measure of protection for the individuals that have not taken the immunization. The main principle behind this concept is the fact that in a population where the majority is immune against a particular communicable outbreak, the chain of infection is more likely to be disrupted easily (Plans-Rubi, 2012). Herd immunity also acts like a significant evolutionary pressure on particular viruses forcing the disruption of the progression chain. Attaining immunity can also be difficult for some people due to genetic disorders or immuno-compromised patients. In such cases herd immunity also acts like a significant barrier for them as well providing them with some form of protectio n. The vaccines need to be effective as the goal for vaccinating people is to achieve herd immunity. When a community is actively and effectively vaccinated against the disease, it provides the unvaccinated or immuno-compromised individual with a safety net. Therefore, taking the timely age adjusted flu-shots is not just a measure for personal protection but also is a collective community protection measure (Haq McElhaney, 2014). As a community nurse, the risk of exposure to influenza virus is extremely high, it has to be mentioned that the 90% of the total deaths due to influenza is attributed to the age group of 65 and above (Yaqub, Castle-Clarke, Sevdalis Chataway, 2014). And close to 70% of the older adults get influenza infections in a yearly basis and along with that for more than 50% of the total instances the risk of further complications is always high that require the assistance and care intervention from the community nurses (Demicheli et al., 2018). And hence the burden of caring for the influenza patients and their further complication often outweighs the personal protection measures like hand-washing and infection control. Hence, the requirement of regular and effective immunization with respect to the age group to which the nursing professional belongs to is extremely important (Mannino et al., 2012). Many research studies have illustrated that annual vaccination has been recommended widely for both the health care staff and the target patient population. Many government and nongovernment health authorities have advocated the need for mandatory annual vaccination for the health care staff. Although there has been a significant decline in the compliance percentage of the staff to flu vaccination. According to Behrman and Offley (2013), a few most contributing factors identified to the noncompliance include underestimation of influenza morbidity, fear of vaccination causing illness and thinking clean living would prevent transmission. However authors have also illustrated that mandatory vaccination policies have contributed to improving the immunization status of the health care staff, however lack of provable benefits, mistaken beliefs and ethical violations continue to be challenges to successful immunization of the staff. On the contrary, the authors have also discussed that comp ulsory vaccination is based an exaggerated threat, there is little scientific evidence that health care staff are the important transmission for influenza to patients. Hence, the compulsion of health care staff for vaccination violates the basic right of informed consent (Behrman Offley, 2013). However, in the community care facility, the patients are often aged and dealing with critical illness with a reduced immunity and hence are vulnerable to health care associated infections. If the nursing professionals providing care to them are not immunized themselves, the risk of infection is heightened multiple times. Hence, the need for mandatory flu shots for community nurses is not limited to their personal protection; it extends to providing some extent of protection to the patients receiving care from them as well (Demicheli et al., 2018). Furthermore, under the NSW Healths revised policy directivePD2018_009, the community care nurses and health professionals are required to take flu vaccinations on 1st June annually as a part of their professional and ethical requirements. Hence, the community care nurses are required to oblige with the vaccination policies in order to ensure ethical professional behaviour, preferably with informed consent (Health.nsw.gov.au., 2018). There has been a significant reluctant attitude observed in the health care professional towards the vaccination, especially the most threatening ones. According to the study, the hesitant attitudes are not just limited to those who do not get the vaccination, but it extends to those who influence others against vaccination as well (Yaqub, Castle-Clarke, Sevdalis Chataway, 2014). And the most important reasons behind the same can be the lack of health literacy in the different individuals and the lack of trust in the institution of vaccination. With proper information dissemination the community care professionals can be encouraged to maintain regular vaccination regime. It has to be mentioned that the community care professionals are exposed to high contamination risk to preventable communicable diseases hence the need for diligent and periodic vaccination is paramount (Felicilda-Reynaldo, 2014). As a community nurse, it is a significant part of the nursing roles and responsibilities to educate and inform the target population regarding the benefits of the Flu vaccination. In this case, if I am presented with a situation where an older individual refuses to take the vaccination, I would first and foremost try to calm him or her and will attempt to engage a relaxed therapeutic communication with them. In the following step I would like to understand the reason behind their non-compliance. For the older population belonging to aboriginal communities, the health literacy is low due to social exclusion, lack of education, and discrimination. These ethnic communities have a very different understanding of health and disease prevention; these groups can refuse to immunize themselves. In such situations I would be extremely respectful towards any cultural views that might be hindering the individual to opt for the vaccination and with optimal culturally safe communication practice I would share with him the benefits of Fluzone high dose using flyers and pamphlets. I would also share the evidence charts and records of the success of such vaccinations against communicable outbreaks (McElhaney et al., 2013). In case the patient does not feel confident enough I will even enrol him or her in peer support and influenza education programs to enhance his understanding of influenza prevention. On a concluding note, influenza poses the highest risk of infection borne diseases in the different countries. For the vulnerable population of the older adults (over 65), the risk for reoccurring flu infections are even higher. Influenza is the most impactful burden on the older communities and hence the need for Fluzone high dose administration following the quarantined protocol is extremely necessary for not only the older target group, but the entire community including the health care professionals. As discussed, the immunization procedure not only protects the immunized individuals but also generates an overall protection for the entire community by means of herd immunity. Influenza vaccinations are one of the most impactful preventive measures for influenza, hence, each and every individual will need to follow the immunization routine; including health care professionals. References: (2018).Health.nsw.gov.au.Retrieved25April2018,fromhttps://www.health.nsw.gov.au/immunisation/Documents/influenza-information-sheet.pdf Behrman, A., Offley, W. (2013). Should influenza vaccination be mandatory for healthcare workers?.BMJ,347, f6705. doi: 10.1136/bmj.f6705 Blasi, F., Aliberti, S., Mantero, M., Centanni, S. (2012). Compliance with anti-H1N1 vaccine among healthcare workers and general population.Clinical Microbiology and Infection,18, 37-41. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2012.03941.x Demicheli, V., Jefferson, T., Di Pietrantonj, C., Ferroni, E., Thorning, S., Thomas, R. E., Rivetti, A. (2018). Vaccines for preventing influenza in the elderly.The Cochrane Library. doi abs/10.1002/14651858.CD004876.pub4 DiazGranados, C. A., Dunning, A. J., Kimmel, M., Kirby, D., Treanor, J., Collins, A., ... Martin, E. (2014). Efficacy of high-dose versus standard-dose influenza vaccine in older adults.New England Journal of Medicine,371(7), 635-645. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1315727 Domnich, A., Arata, L., Amicizia, D., Puig-Barber, J., Gasparini, R., Panatto, D. (2017). Effectiveness of MF59-adjuvanted seasonal influenza vaccine in the elderly: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Vaccine,35(4), 513-520. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.12.011 Duncan, D. (2016). Stop the spread: prevention and reduction of influenza among older individuals.British journal of community nursing,21(9), 446-450. doi: 10.12968/bjcn.2016.21.9.446 Dunning, A. J., DiazGranados, C. A., Voloshen, T., Hu, B., Landolfi, V. A., Talbot, H. K. (2016). Correlates of protection against influenza in the elderly: results from an influenza vaccine efficacy trial.Clinical and Vaccine Immunology,23(3), 228-235. doi: 10.1128/CVI.00604-15 Felicilda-Reynaldo, R. F. D. (2014). Types of flu vaccines for yearly immunization.Medsurg Nursing,23(4),256.Retrievedfrom:https://search.proquest.com/openview/f1e8bdff2cc87ba62360c008072566ca/1?pq-origsite=gscholarcbl=30764 Frey, S. E., Aplasca-De Los Reyes, M. R., Reynales, H., Bermal, N. N., Nicolay, U., Narasimhan, V., ... Arora, A. K. (2014). Comparison of the safety and immunogenicity of an MF59-adjuvanted with a non-adjuvanted seasonal influenza vaccine in elderly subjects.Vaccine,32(39), 5027-5034. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.07.013 Grohskopf, L. A., Olsen, S. J., Sokolow, L. Z., Bresee, J. S., Cox, N. J., Broder, K. R., ... Walter, E. B. (2014). Prevention and control of seasonal influenza with vaccines: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP)--United States, 2014-15 influenza season.Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report,63(32), 691-697. Retrieved from: https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc4584910 Haq, K., McElhaney, J. E. (2014). Immunosenescence: influenza vaccination and the elderly.Current opinion in immunology,29, 38-42. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2014.03.008 Haq, K., McElhaney, J. E. (2014). Immunosenescence: influenza vaccination and the elderly.Current opinion in immunology,29, 38-42. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2014.03.008 Immunise - 4.7 Influenza. (2018).Immunise.health.gov.au. Retrieved 23 April 2018, from https://www.immunise.health.gov.au/internet/immunise/publishing.nsf/Content/Handbook10-home~handbook10part4~handbook10-4- Influenza. (2018).World Health Organization. Retrieved 23 April 2018, from https://www.who.int/immunization/diseases/influenza/en Ju, C. H., Blum, L. K., Kongpachith, S., Lingampalli, N., Mao, R., Brodin, P., ... Robinson, W. H. (2018). Plasmablast antibody repertoires in elderly influenza vaccine responders exhibit restricted diversity but increased breadth of binding across influenza strains.Clinical Immunology. Pp 7-9 doi: 10.1016/j.clim.2018.01.011 Lau, D., Hu, J., Majumdar, S. R., Storie, D. A., Rees, S. E., Johnson, J. A. (2012). Interventions to improve influenza and pneumococcal vaccination rates among community-dwelling adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.The Annals of Family Medicine,10(6), 538-546. doi:10.1370/afm.1405 Mannino, S., Villa, M., Apolone, G., Weiss, N. S., Groth, N., Aquino, I., ... Rothman, K. J. (2012). Effectiveness of adjuvanted influenza vaccination in elderly subjects in northern Italy.American journal of epidemiology,176(6), 527-533. doi: 10.1093/aje/kws313 McElhaney, J. E., Beran, J., Devaster, J. M., Esen, M., Launay, O., Leroux-Roels, G., ... Durand, C. (2013). AS03-adjuvanted versus non-adjuvanted inactivated trivalent influenza vaccine against seasonal influenza in elderly people: a phase 3 randomised trial.The Lancet infectious diseases,13(6), 485-496. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(13)70046-X Osterholm, M. T., Kelley, N. S., Sommer, A., Belongia, E. A. (2012). Efficacy and effectiveness of influenza vaccines: a systematic review and meta-analysis.The Lancet infectious diseases,12(1), 36-44. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(11)70295-X Plans-Rubi, P. (2012). The vaccination coverage required to establish herd immunity against influenza viruses.Preventive medicine,55(1), 72-77. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2012.02.015 Seasonal Influenza Vaccination 2018 - Immunisation Programs. (2018).Health.nsw.gov.au. Retrieved16April2018,fromhttps://www.health.nsw.gov.au/immunisation/Pages/seasonal_flu_vaccination.aspx Sridhar, S., Brokstad, K. A., Cox, R. J. (2015). Influenza vaccination strategies: comparing inactivated and live attenuated influenza vaccines.Vaccines,3(2), 373-389. doi:10.3390/vaccines3020373 Van Bellinghen, L. A., Meier, G., Van Vlaenderen, I. (2014). The potential cost-effectiveness of quadrivalent versus trivalent influenza vaccine in elderly people and clinical risk groups in the UK: a lifetime multi-cohort model.PLoS One,9(6), pp 98437. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0098437 What you need to know about the new flu vaccines for over-65s. (2018). ABC News. Retrieved 23 April 2018, from https://www.abc.net.au/news/2018-02-19/fluad-fluzone-flu-vaccines-for-over-65s-what-you-need-to-know/9461766 Yaqub, O., Castle-Clarke, S., Sevdalis, N., Chataway, J. (2014). Attitudes to vaccination: a critical review.Social Science Medicine,112, 1-11. Retrieved from file:///C:/Users/absas/Downloads/2116447_1056399576_vacciation3.pdf